Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis

Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is a rare form of autoimmune brain inflammation caused by antibodies targeting NMDA receptors. Early symptoms can include fever, headache, and tiredness, followed by psychosis, agitation, or confusion. Seizures, breathing problems, and changes in blood pressure or heart rate may later occur. About half of cases are associated with tumors, most often ovarian teratomas. Treatment usually includes immunosuppressive medication and tumor removal when needed.

Disease type

Rare autoimmune encephalitis

Primary target

GluN1 subunit of brain NMDAR

First described

Josep Dalmau, 2007